Mixing-valve for carbureters.



J. H. BATCHELORs MIXING VALVE FOR CARBURETERS.

APPLICATION FILED 001.115.1916.

1,262,298 Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

44 avr-57% 3mm/1to1, 18

JEP/11E F4 FHTCHELOK J. H. BATCHELOR.

MIXING VALVE FOR CARBURETERS.

APPLICATION HLED 001.16. 1916.

1,262,298., i Patented Apr.9,1918.

2 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMIE H. BATCHELOR, 0F SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR T0 CARL ESPY, 0FSAVANNAH, GEORGIA.

l MIXING-VALVE FOR CARBURETERS,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

Application illed October. 16, 1916. Serial No. 125,932.

This invention relates to an improvedy mixing valve for carbureters andhas for its primary object to provide a valve automatically operated bysuction from the engine cylinders to admit a fuel to the mixing chamber,in combination with means f or vaporizing the liquid fuel prior to itsadmission to the mixing chamber.

It is a more particular object of the 1nvention to provide asuction-operated valve element controlling the supplyof air to themixing chamber, a heat receiving chamber extending into the mixingchamber, a fuel supply tube -extending through the heatlng chamber andhaving a valve seat at one end, a needlevalve operatively connected tothe suction-operated valve and moved therewith to its open position',and means for supplying a heating medium to said `heat receivingchamber, whereby the fuel., in its passage through said tube, isvaporized.

. It is another important object of the 11ivention to provide meanswhereby the f uel valve tube ma be heated to a vei'y high temperature ater the engine is started -in operation, said incansincluding air supplytubes extending through the engine cylinder heads or the exhaust so thatthe air will be heated from thc explosion ofthe mixture in the enginecylinders in the continued operation of the engine.

It is a further general object of the invention to provide a device forthe above purpose which is simple in construction, positive in itsaction, and capable of vaporizing unreined hydrocarbon fuels', such askerosene and the like, for use in the propulsion of motor vehicles.

With the above and other obllects in view, my invention consists in thenovel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts tobe hereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which,

. Figure l is a vertical section through' a carbureter provided with myimproved mixing valve and vaporizing means;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the air inlet and fuel controlvalvesiin their open positions;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. l; i

Fig. 4: is asimilar view taken on' the line 4.-/1 of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic plan-view showing the arrangementv of the airpipesor tubes in the engine cylinder heads; and v Fig. 6 is a detailperspective View of theneedle valve.

`Referring in detail to the drawings;-y 5 and 6 respectively indicatethe upper and lower sections of the carbureter casing, said casingsections each being provided with outwardly projecting flanges 7,between which the vflange 9, formed on the valveseat member 8, isdisposed. These flanges 7 and 9 are provided with openings to receivethe' fastening bolts 10. The upper section 5 of the carbureter casingconstitutes the-.mixing chamber indicatedat 11, and said casing sectionis formed with a nipple 12 connected to the intake ports ofthe enginecylinders by a pipe or conduit in the usualV manner..v A butteriy valve,indicated at 13, is suitably mounted in the outlet of the mixing chamber1l, whereby the supply of the combustible mixture to the enginecylinders can be controlled and regulated. The lower section 6 of thecarbureter casing is also provided with a laterally projecting nipple 14for the connection of a pipe or conduit thereto, through which air isadmitted beneath the valve seat member 8. Any pre-v ferred means may. beemployed for heating the air to any desired temperature.

The valve seat member 8 extends downwardly into the casing section 6 andhas its walls inwardly inclined to provide a beveled or inclined seatingface 15 for the annular, outwardly inclined flange 17 formed upon thevalve disk 16. This valve disk is centrally provided with a `cylindricalstein 18 longitudinally" movable through a guide boss 19 formed-upon thebase wall of the casing section 6..: A nut 20 is threaded upon the lowerend .ffsaidy stem, and between .the nut and the bossrl9 a coil spring 21is arranged, said.v spring normallyv..urg'ing the valve downwardly andholding the same in closed position upon its seat. The valve disk 16isprovided at diametrically opposite points with apertures 22, thepurpose of which will be presently explained.

An opening is formed through the top wall of the casing section 5, thelower portion of said o ening being reduced in diameter to provi e ashoulder 23 upon which is seated an annular flange 24 formed upon theupper end of a cylindricalshell or casing 25 which extends downwardlyinto the mixing chamber 11. The upper end portion of the opening in thecasing wall is threaded to receive the threaded lower end of a chamber26, the upper end of which is closed by a suitable cap 27. To alaterally projecting nipple,.28 extending from the` casing, a tube orconduit, connected to the fuel tank or reservoir, is attached. Thechamber 26 has an elongated, cylindrical tube 29 integrally formed withits base wall, the bore 'f said tube communicating with the interior ofthe chamber 26 and being flared to provide the valve seat 30. The tube29 extends entirely through the casing 25 in spaced relation to thewalls of the latter, and has its lower end slightly spaced from the edgeof the o ening 31 formed in the bottom wall of t e casing 25. A needlevalve rod 32 is' disposed through the bore of the tube 29, said borelbeing contracted or reduced in diameter, as at 33, for a short.distance below the valve Seat 30, so that the rod 32 willsnugly engagetherewith. This rod2 upon its upper end, is formed with a conical valvehead 34 for engagement on the seat 30 and in spaced relation to the head34 the rod 32 is longitudinally cut away or recessed uponv one side, asat 35. The lower end of the rod 32 has a threaded connection, as at 36,to the valve disk 16 so that when this valve disk is in its closedposition, the valve head 34 on the rod is also tightly engaged upon itsseat 30 to cut oli' the supply of fuel to the mixing chamber. A dashplate 37. is vertically movable in the chamber 26 and connected by ashort stem 38 to the valve head 34. This dash plate acts in the usualmanner to prevent vibration of the valve and insure a steady, evenmovement of the same.

The upper end of the casing 25, immediately below the flange 24, has anopening in one side thereof with which the inner end of a horizontalpassage 39, formed in the wall of the casing section 5, communicates. Avertically disposed pipe or conduit 40 is provided adjacent its upperend with a laterally projecting, threaded nipple 41 for connection tothe casing 5, the bore of the nipple being in alinement with the passage39. The lower end of this pipe 40 has a laterally contracted inlet 42with which an opening 43 formed in the side wall of the casing section.6, at the base thereof, oomasesinas municates. A spark plug 44 isthreaded in the upper end of the pipe 40 and has an electrode 45extending longitudinally through said pipe to a point adjacent its lowerend. This electrode is provided with spaced. shallow, conical disks 46,between which asbestos or Aother absorbent material indicated at 47 isdisposed to constitute a wick. Upon the base wall of the casing section6, at one side of the valve stem 18, an internal, upstanding, transverserib 48 is formed. 'llhis rib prevents the flow of liquid fuel drippingthrough the apertures 22 of the valve 16 into the air inlet nipple 14. 4

To the lower end of the pipe or conduitA 40 and substantially in linewith the electrode 45, tire en d of a pipe or tube 49 is connected. lnFig. 5 of the drawings, I have shown the engine cylinders C, the headsthereof being removed. lln applying the present invention to motorvehicle engines having the detachable cylinder heads, a pipe 50 isdisposed transversely through a metal plate or gasket which isinterposed between the detachable heads and the upper ends of thecylinder casting, one of such pipes extending transversely throughl thecompression chamber of each cylinder. T he. ends of these pipes 50 aresuitably coupled to lon itudinal pipes 51 and 52 respectively, exten inglongitudinally upon opposite sides of the engine cylinder. To the pipe51, the pipe 49 is coupled. A pipe or tube 53 is connected to the otherof the pipes 52 and to the cylinder of a suitable hand pump indicated at54, which may be mounted in any convenient position upon the dashboardof the vehicle body At the start of the operation of the engine, uponthe creation of av vacuum in the engine cylinders, the valve disk 16 isdrawn upwardly to its open position, which also lifts the head 34 of theneedle valve rod from its seat and permits the liquid fuel to flowdownwardly through the tube 29, the recessed side 35 of said rod beingpositioned in the reduced upper end portion 33 of the tube bore. Thefuel flows downwardly around the rod and enters the mixing chainberwhere it is mixed with the incominor heated air drawn through the nipple14. portion of the oil will collect in the cup shaped Valve 16 and dripthrough thel apertures 22 therein and collect upon the bottom wall ofthe casing section 6. This oil flowing through the opening 43 into thelower end of the pipe 40 is directed upwardly by the air jet from thepipe 49, created in the operation of the hand pump 54. The circuit forthe spark plug 44 being closed, a spark wlll jump from the lower end ofthis electrode to the adjacent wall of the pipe 40, und this oil whichis thus driven against the lower end of the electrode and the absorbentmaterial 47, is ignited and the flame and fuel in its passage downwardlythrough thisA tube, will be completely vaporized. After the engine hasbeen started in operation, the circuit for the spark plug is opened andthe air will then be heated in its passage through the several pipes 50traversing the compression chambers of the engine cylinders, and drawninto the casin 25. surrounding the valve tube 29. It wil therefore, beunderstood that the spark plug is used to ignite the fuel absorbed bythe material 47, only in the initial or starting operation.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing, the construction, manner of operation and severaladvantages of the invention will be clearly and fully understood. Bymeans of my improved mixing valve and vaporizing device, the necessityof employing a float valve, as is usual in carbureters, is entirelycbviated. The valve mounting and arran ement is exceedingly simple, andpositive y operated by the creation of a vacuum in the engine cylinderson each intake stroke of the piston. As the air and fuel control valvesoperate in unison and the fuel is completely vaporized before it entersthe mixing chamber, it will be appreciated that the invention may beemployed for use in the utilization of kerosene and other relativelyheavy, unrefined hydrocarbon oils. The device has been found highlysatisfactory in practical use, reducing the expense incident to theconsumption of fuel to a material extent. I have above described thepreferred form and construction of Vthe several parts of the apparatus,but it will, of course, be manifest that the mounting and arrangement ofthe fuel and air valves, as well as the heating means, may be varied inmany respects. several elements referred to is also suscepiible ofconsiderable modification and I, therefore, reserve the privilege ofadopting all such legitimate changes as may be fairly embodied withinthe spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desire to claim andsecure by Letters Patent is 1. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixingchamber and a fuel supply tube extending into said chamber, air and fuelcontrol valves, in combination with ymeans for heating the fuel supplytube to vaporize the liq- The form and construction of the uid fuel,said means includi a fuel absorbent material, means for supp ying airthereto and means for igniting said material.

2. Ina carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber and a fuel supplytube extending into said chamber, air and fuel control valves, a casingsurrounding the fuel supply tube, in combination with a conduit incommunication with one end of said casing, said conduit having an airinlet, an absorbent material in said conduit, means for saturating saidmaterial with the liquid fuel,-and means for igniting the saturatedmaterial.

3. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber and a fuel supplytube extending 'into said chamber, air and fuel control valves, a casingsurrounding the fuel supp tube, in combination with a' conduit incommunication with oneend of said casing, and means for supplying acombustion supporting medium to said conduit for admission to thecasing, whereby the liquid fuel is vaporized in its passage through thetube.

4. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber and a fuel supplytube extending into said chamber, lair and fuel control valves, a casingsurrounding the fuel supply tube, in combination with a conduit incommunication with one end of said casing, a spark plug mounted in oneend of thel conduit and having a longitudinally extending electrode, anabsorbent material on said electrode, and means for saturating theabsorbent material with a liquid fuel, whereby the same is ignited whenthe spark plug circuit is closed and a combustion supporting mediumsupplied to said casingrto vaporize the liquid fuel in its passage t ouh the tube.

y 5. The combinationwith a car ureter havfng a mixing chamber and aliquid fuel'supply tube extending into said chamber, of a conduitopening at one of its ends in proximity to the fuel supply tube, airsupply pipes heated by the exploded gases in thev engine cylinders andconnected to one end of the conduit to supply the heated air thereto, anabsorbent material arranged in said conduit, a force pump connected tothe air pipes to deliver an air jet upon a com-` bustible fluid anddirect the same upon the absorbent material, and means for igniting theabsorbent material.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence oftwo Witnesses.

JAMIE H. BATCHELOR.

Witnesses:

M. C. LYDDANE, M. R. WILSON.

